Key Insights
The Malaysian oil and gas market, currently estimated at approximately $XX million (assuming a reasonable market size based on regional comparisons and the provided CAGR), is projected to experience robust growth over the forecast period (2025-2033). A compound annual growth rate (CAGR) exceeding 2% indicates a consistently expanding market driven by several key factors. Increased domestic energy demand fueled by economic growth and infrastructure development significantly contributes to this upward trajectory. Furthermore, strategic investments in LNG terminals and expansion of transportation and storage infrastructure are creating significant opportunities for market players. The government's focus on energy security and diversification also fosters a supportive regulatory environment. Major players such as Petronas, Gas Malaysia Berhad, and international companies like Royal Vopak and Vitol Group are actively shaping the market landscape through strategic partnerships, infrastructure development, and exploration activities.
However, the market's growth is not without its challenges. Fluctuations in global oil and gas prices remain a significant restraint, impacting investment decisions and profitability. Competition from renewable energy sources and a global push towards carbon emission reduction also necessitate strategic adaptations within the industry. Maintaining a balance between economic growth and environmental sustainability will be critical for the sustained success of the Malaysian oil and gas sector. Despite these challenges, the positive outlook driven by strong domestic demand, strategic investments, and the presence of established players suggests a promising future for the industry in Malaysia. The market segmentation, focusing on transportation, storage, and LNG terminals, offers diverse avenues for growth and investment.

Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Malaysian oil and gas market, encompassing market dynamics, growth trends, dominant segments, and key players. With a study period spanning 2019-2033, a base year of 2025, and a forecast period from 2025-2033, this report offers invaluable insights for industry professionals, investors, and strategists. The report delves into the parent market (Oil & Gas) and its child markets (Transportation, Storage, LNG Terminals), providing granular data and future projections. Market values are presented in Million units.
Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Market Dynamics & Structure
This section analyzes the competitive landscape, technological advancements, regulatory influences, and market trends within Malaysia's oil and gas sector. The Malaysian oil and gas market, dominated by Petronas, exhibits a high level of concentration. However, the presence of international players like Vitol and Royal Vopak introduces competitive dynamics. Technological innovation, driven by the need for enhanced efficiency and sustainability, is a key driver. Stringent regulatory frameworks, aimed at environmental protection and safety, shape operational practices. The market witnesses continuous M&A activity, reflecting consolidation and expansion strategies.
Key Aspects:
- Market Concentration: High, with Petronas holding a significant market share (xx%). Other players such as MISC Berhad and Dialog Group Berhad hold smaller, but still significant shares (xx% and xx% respectively).
- Technological Innovation: Focus on enhanced oil recovery techniques, digitalization of operations, and carbon capture technologies. Innovation barriers include high capital expenditure requirements and technological complexities.
- Regulatory Framework: Strict environmental regulations, safety standards, and licensing requirements influence operational costs and investment decisions.
- Competitive Product Substitutes: Renewable energy sources pose a long-term threat, albeit a slowly developing one in Malaysia.
- End-User Demographics: Primarily industrial consumers (power generation, manufacturing) and export markets.
- M&A Trends: Moderate levels of M&A activity, driven by consolidation and expansion into new segments, particularly in LNG. Approximately xx M&A deals were recorded during the historical period (2019-2024).
Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Growth Trends & Insights
The Malaysian oil and gas market exhibits a complex growth trajectory influenced by global energy demand, domestic consumption patterns, and government policies. While production levels may fluctuate, the market is projected to demonstrate consistent growth driven by investments in LNG infrastructure and exploration activities. Technological advancements like improved recovery techniques and efficient transportation solutions also contribute to market expansion. Consumer behavior is influenced by evolving energy needs and sustainability concerns.
Key Metrics:
- Market Size (2025): xx Million
- CAGR (2025-2033): xx%
- Market Penetration (LNG Terminals, 2025): xx%
- Adoption Rate (Digitalization, 2025): xx%

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia
The Malaysian oil and gas market is geographically diverse, with Sabah and Sarawak showing significant activity due to their abundant resources. However, the LNG terminal segment is experiencing robust growth, driven by increasing global demand and strategic investments. This segment also enjoys strong government support in terms of infrastructure development and regulatory frameworks.
Key Drivers:
- Sabah and Sarawak: Rich hydrocarbon reserves and ongoing exploration activities.
- LNG Terminals: Growing global demand for LNG, coupled with strategic investments in infrastructure.
- Economic Policies: Government initiatives promoting investment in the sector.
- Infrastructure Development: Investments in pipelines, LNG terminals, and other related facilities.
Dominance Factors:
- Market Share (LNG Terminals, 2025): xx%
- Growth Potential (LNG Terminals, 2025-2033): xx%
Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Product Landscape
The Malaysian oil and gas market encompasses a diverse range of products, including crude oil, natural gas, LNG, and refined petroleum products. Recent innovations focus on improving efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing safety. These innovations involve enhanced recovery techniques, improved pipeline technologies, and the adoption of digital tools for monitoring and optimization. The unique selling propositions revolve around superior quality, reliable supply chains, and adherence to strict environmental and safety standards.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia
Key Drivers:
- Growing domestic energy demand: Fueled by economic growth and industrialization.
- Strategic investments in LNG infrastructure: Enhancing export capabilities and boosting market competitiveness.
- Government support and incentives: Promoting exploration, production, and infrastructure development.
Challenges:
- Global price volatility: Fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas prices impact profitability.
- Regulatory hurdles and licensing requirements: Delaying projects and increasing investment costs.
- Supply chain disruptions: Impacts on resource availability and operational continuity.
- Environmental concerns: Growing pressure to reduce carbon emissions and adopt sustainable practices.
Emerging Opportunities in Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia
- Expansion of LNG export capabilities: Meeting the rising global demand for LNG.
- Investments in renewable energy integration: Diversifying the energy portfolio and achieving sustainability goals.
- Development of carbon capture and storage technologies: Mitigating environmental impact.
- Digitalization of operations: Improving efficiency, safety, and decision-making.
Growth Accelerators in the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Industry
Long-term growth is fueled by strategic partnerships between domestic and international players, investments in technological advancements, and expansion into new markets. Government initiatives aimed at fostering innovation and promoting sustainable practices play a crucial role. Technological breakthroughs, like improved extraction techniques and enhanced energy efficiency, further contribute to market expansion.
Key Players Shaping the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Market
- Gas Malaysia Berhad
- Royal Vopak NV
- Vitol Group
- MISC Berhad
- Fluor Corporation
- Dialog Group Berhad
- Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS)
Notable Milestones in Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Sector
- September 2022: Shell and Petronas announce final investment decision for the Rosmari-Marjoram gas project, ensuring a reliable gas supply to the Bintulu LNG complex.
- April 2022: Petronas and SOGDC sign an MoU for Sabah's first large-scale near-shore floating LNG facility, signaling significant investment in LNG infrastructure.
In-Depth Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Market Outlook
The Malaysian oil and gas market presents a promising outlook, driven by continued investments in LNG infrastructure, exploration activities, and technological advancements. Strategic partnerships and government support further enhance market growth potential. The sector's ability to adapt to evolving global energy dynamics and embrace sustainable practices will shape its future trajectory. The market is expected to witness significant expansion in the forecast period, presenting lucrative opportunities for investors and industry participants.
Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Segmentation
-
1. Type
- 1.1. Transportation
- 1.2. Storage
- 1.3. LNG Terminals
Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Segmentation By Geography
-
1. North America
- 1.1. United States
- 1.2. Canada
- 1.3. Mexico
-
2. South America
- 2.1. Brazil
- 2.2. Argentina
- 2.3. Rest of South America
-
3. Europe
- 3.1. United Kingdom
- 3.2. Germany
- 3.3. France
- 3.4. Italy
- 3.5. Spain
- 3.6. Russia
- 3.7. Benelux
- 3.8. Nordics
- 3.9. Rest of Europe
-
4. Middle East & Africa
- 4.1. Turkey
- 4.2. Israel
- 4.3. GCC
- 4.4. North Africa
- 4.5. South Africa
- 4.6. Rest of Middle East & Africa
-
5. Asia Pacific
- 5.1. China
- 5.2. India
- 5.3. Japan
- 5.4. South Korea
- 5.5. ASEAN
- 5.6. Oceania
- 5.7. Rest of Asia Pacific

Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of > 2.00% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. 4.; Increasing Gas Production and Infrastructure4.; Increasing Exploration and Production Activities
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. 4.; Increasing Adoption of Clean Power Sources
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. LNG Terminals Segment is Expected to Dominate the Market
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 5.1.1. Transportation
- 5.1.2. Storage
- 5.1.3. LNG Terminals
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.2.1. North America
- 5.2.2. South America
- 5.2.3. Europe
- 5.2.4. Middle East & Africa
- 5.2.5. Asia Pacific
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 6. North America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 6.1.1. Transportation
- 6.1.2. Storage
- 6.1.3. LNG Terminals
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 7. South America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 7.1.1. Transportation
- 7.1.2. Storage
- 7.1.3. LNG Terminals
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 8. Europe Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 8.1.1. Transportation
- 8.1.2. Storage
- 8.1.3. LNG Terminals
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 9. Middle East & Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 9.1.1. Transportation
- 9.1.2. Storage
- 9.1.3. LNG Terminals
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 10. Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 10.1.1. Transportation
- 10.1.2. Storage
- 10.1.3. LNG Terminals
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Type
- 11. Competitive Analysis
- 11.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2024
- 11.2. Company Profiles
- 11.2.1 Gas Malaysia Berhad
- 11.2.1.1. Overview
- 11.2.1.2. Products
- 11.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.2 Royal Vopak NV
- 11.2.2.1. Overview
- 11.2.2.2. Products
- 11.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.3 Vitol Group
- 11.2.3.1. Overview
- 11.2.3.2. Products
- 11.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.4 MISC Berhad
- 11.2.4.1. Overview
- 11.2.4.2. Products
- 11.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.5 Fluor Corporation
- 11.2.5.1. Overview
- 11.2.5.2. Products
- 11.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.6 Dialog Group Berhad
- 11.2.6.1. Overview
- 11.2.6.2. Products
- 11.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.7 Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS)
- 11.2.7.1. Overview
- 11.2.7.2. Products
- 11.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 11.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 11.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 11.2.1 Gas Malaysia Berhad
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Malaysia Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 3: Malaysia Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 4: North America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 5: North America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 6: North America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 7: North America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 8: South America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 9: South America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 10: South America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 11: South America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 12: Europe Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 13: Europe Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 14: Europe Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 15: Europe Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 16: Middle East & Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 17: Middle East & Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 18: Middle East & Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 19: Middle East & Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 20: Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 21: Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 22: Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 23: Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: United States Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Canada Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Mexico Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Brazil Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Argentina Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Rest of South America Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: United Kingdom Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Germany Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: France Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Italy Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Spain Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Russia Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Benelux Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Nordics Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Rest of Europe Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Turkey Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: Israel Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: GCC Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: North Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: South Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: Rest of Middle East & Africa Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: Global Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: China Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 37: India Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 38: Japan Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 39: South Korea Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 40: ASEAN Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 41: Oceania Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 42: Rest of Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia?
The projected CAGR is approximately > 2.00%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia?
Key companies in the market include Gas Malaysia Berhad, Royal Vopak NV, Vitol Group, MISC Berhad, Fluor Corporation, Dialog Group Berhad, Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS).
3. What are the main segments of the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia?
The market segments include Type.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
4.; Increasing Gas Production and Infrastructure4.; Increasing Exploration and Production Activities.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
LNG Terminals Segment is Expected to Dominate the Market.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
4.; Increasing Adoption of Clean Power Sources.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
In September 2022, Shell and its partner Petronas announced a decision of final investment decision to develop the Rosmari-Marjoram gas project, which will feed the Bintulu LNG export plant in Sarawak, Malaysia. The Rosmari-Marjoram development is one of the strategic projects that will guarantee a reliable gas supply to the Petronas-owned 30 million tons per annum Bintulu LNG complex.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 3800, USD 4500, and USD 5800 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Oil and Gas Market in Malaysia, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence