Key Insights
The global torpedo market is experiencing robust growth, driven by escalating geopolitical tensions, increasing naval modernization programs across major global powers, and the continuous development of advanced torpedo technologies. The market size, while not explicitly stated, can be reasonably estimated based on a CAGR of >4% and a value unit of millions. Considering typical market sizes for defense equipment segments, a 2025 market value of approximately $5 billion is a plausible estimate. This growth is fueled by factors such as the demand for technologically superior torpedoes capable of countering modern anti-submarine warfare (ASW) tactics, the increasing focus on unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) integration with torpedo systems, and the adoption of advanced guidance systems and warheads. The segmentation by weight (heavyweight and lightweight) and launch platform (sea-launched, air-launched, and underwater-launched) reflects the diverse operational requirements across different naval forces. Competition within the market is intense, with key players including Bharat Dynamics Limited, Raytheon Technologies, Leonardo SpA, and Lockheed Martin Corporation consistently investing in R&D to maintain their market share.
The market's growth trajectory is likely to remain positive throughout the forecast period (2025-2033), albeit with fluctuations influenced by global economic conditions and defense spending priorities. The Asia-Pacific region, given its increasing naval modernization efforts, is expected to witness significant growth, followed by North America and Europe. However, potential restraints include the high cost of torpedo development and procurement, stringent export controls on advanced weaponry, and the evolving nature of ASW technologies, which continually necessitates upgrades and new solutions. The continued emphasis on improving torpedo capabilities, such as range, speed, and accuracy, along with the integration of AI and autonomous systems, will continue to shape the market landscape and drive further investment and innovation. Companies are focusing on developing advanced features like improved homing systems and countermeasures to maintain competitiveness in this dynamic market.

Torpedo Industry Market Report: 2019-2033
This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the global torpedo industry, encompassing market dynamics, growth trends, regional insights, product landscapes, and key players. With a focus on both heavyweight and lightweight torpedoes across various launch platforms (sea-launched, underwater-launched, air-launched), this report offers invaluable insights for industry professionals, investors, and strategic decision-makers. The study period spans 2019-2033, with 2025 as the base and estimated year.
Torpedo Industry Market Dynamics & Structure
The global torpedo market, valued at xx Million units in 2024, is characterized by moderate concentration with key players holding significant market share. Technological innovation, particularly in areas like autonomous navigation, improved guidance systems, and enhanced warhead capabilities, is a primary growth driver. Stringent regulatory frameworks governing the production and export of military hardware significantly impact market dynamics. Competitive pressures arise from the availability of substitute technologies, albeit limited, and the ongoing development of countermeasures. End-user demographics primarily consist of naval forces worldwide, with varying procurement budgets and technological priorities influencing demand. Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity within the industry remains relatively low, with a total of xx deals recorded between 2019 and 2024, reflecting the sector's specialized and regulated nature.
- Market Concentration: Moderately concentrated, with top 5 players holding xx% market share in 2024.
- Technological Innovation Drivers: Autonomous navigation, improved guidance systems, enhanced warhead technology.
- Regulatory Frameworks: Stringent export controls and international arms treaties influence market access.
- Competitive Product Substitutes: Limited substitutes exist, primarily focused on alternative anti-submarine warfare technologies.
- End-User Demographics: Primarily naval forces globally, with varying procurement strategies.
- M&A Trends: Low M&A activity, with xx deals recorded between 2019 and 2024.
Torpedo Industry Growth Trends & Insights
The global torpedo market experienced a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of xx% during the historical period (2019-2024), reaching xx Million units in 2024. This growth is attributed to increased defense spending by major global powers, modernization efforts within naval forces, and the rising geopolitical instability driving demand for advanced anti-submarine warfare capabilities. Technological disruptions, such as the development of more sophisticated countermeasures and the integration of artificial intelligence, are shaping future market trends. Consumer behavior (in this context, governmental defense procurement strategies) is influenced by evolving geopolitical dynamics and technological advancements, resulting in a shift toward more advanced and autonomous torpedo systems. Market penetration within key regions is expected to increase further, driven by ongoing modernization programs and new procurement initiatives. The forecast period (2025-2033) projects continued growth, with a projected CAGR of xx%, reaching xx Million units by 2033.

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in Torpedo Industry
The North American region, particularly the United States, currently dominates the global torpedo market, driven by substantial defense budgets, technological advancements, and a strong domestic industrial base. Within the segment breakdown, heavyweight torpedoes hold a larger market share compared to lightweight torpedoes, reflecting the demand for high-performance systems in strategic naval applications. Sea-launched torpedoes represent the dominant launch platform, reflecting the prevalent deployment methods in modern naval fleets.
- Key Drivers for North American Dominance: High defense spending, technological leadership, strong domestic industry.
- Heavyweight Torpedoes: Larger market share due to requirements for long-range and high-impact capabilities.
- Sea-Launched Torpedoes: Dominant launch platform due to widespread naval deployment strategies.
Torpedo Industry Product Landscape
The torpedo industry features a diverse product landscape, encompassing various weight classes, guidance systems, and warhead configurations. Innovations focus on enhancing autonomous capabilities, improving accuracy and range, and integrating advanced countermeasures. Unique selling propositions (USPs) often center on improved target acquisition, reduced detection probabilities, and enhanced lethality. Technological advancements include the integration of AI-powered targeting systems and the use of advanced materials for improved performance and durability.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in Torpedo Industry
Key Drivers: Increased defense spending by major global powers, modernization of naval fleets, geopolitical instability, advancements in autonomous navigation and targeting systems.
Key Challenges & Restraints: High development and production costs, stringent export controls, limited international cooperation, potential technological obsolescence due to rapid countermeasure development, supply chain disruptions impacting production timelines (estimated xx% impact on production in 2023 due to xx).
Emerging Opportunities in Torpedo Industry
Emerging opportunities lie in the development of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) integrated with torpedo capabilities, the exploration of new materials and propulsion systems for improved performance, and the expansion into untapped markets in developing nations. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for enhanced target identification and tracking presents significant potential. Furthermore, the development of highly specialized torpedoes tailored to specific operational environments is an emerging opportunity.
Growth Accelerators in the Torpedo Industry
Technological breakthroughs, particularly in AI-driven autonomous systems and improved propulsion technologies, are major growth accelerators. Strategic partnerships and collaborations between defense contractors and government agencies are facilitating technological development and market expansion. Expanding into emerging markets and adapting products to meet the diverse needs of different naval forces are crucial for continued growth.
Key Players Shaping the Torpedo Industry Market
- Bharat Dynamics Limited
- Raytheon Technologies Corporation
- Leonardo SpA
- Lockheed Martin Corporation
- Naval Group
- ASELSAN AS
- JSC Tactical Missiles Corporation
- thyssenkrupp AG
- BAE Systems PLC
- Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Lt
- Northrop Grumman Corporation
- Saab AB
Notable Milestones in Torpedo Industry Sector
- October 2021: The Indian Defence Ministry signed a contract with the US government for the procurement of MK 54 torpedoes and expendables, valued at USD 56.38 Million. This highlights the continued demand for advanced torpedo systems in key geopolitical regions.
- October 2021: Thales Australia secured a USD 14.5 Million contract for the maintenance of the Royal Australian Navy's MU90 lightweight torpedoes. This underscores the ongoing need for lifecycle support and maintenance services within the industry.
In-Depth Torpedo Industry Market Outlook
The future of the torpedo industry is promising, driven by continued defense modernization efforts and technological advancements. Strategic partnerships, expansion into new markets, and the development of increasingly autonomous and sophisticated torpedo systems will be key drivers of future growth. The market is poised for sustained expansion, with opportunities for innovation and market consolidation presenting significant potential for industry players.
Torpedo Industry Segmentation
-
1. Weight
- 1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
-
2. Launch Platform
-
2.1. Sea-launched
- 2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 2.2. Air-launched
-
2.1. Sea-launched
Torpedo Industry Segmentation By Geography
- 1. North America
- 2. Europe
- 3. Asia Pacific
- 4. Rest of the World

Torpedo Industry REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of > 4.00% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. The Sea-launched Segment Accounted for the Largest Share in the Market in 2021
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 5.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 5.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 5.2.1. Sea-launched
- 5.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 5.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 5.2.2. Air-launched
- 5.2.1. Sea-launched
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. North America
- 5.3.2. Europe
- 5.3.3. Asia Pacific
- 5.3.4. Rest of the World
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 6. North America Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 6.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 6.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 6.2.1. Sea-launched
- 6.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 6.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 6.2.2. Air-launched
- 6.2.1. Sea-launched
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 7. Europe Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 7.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 7.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 7.2.1. Sea-launched
- 7.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 7.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 7.2.2. Air-launched
- 7.2.1. Sea-launched
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 8. Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 8.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 8.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 8.2.1. Sea-launched
- 8.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 8.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 8.2.2. Air-launched
- 8.2.1. Sea-launched
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 9. Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 9.1.1. Heavyweight Torpedoes
- 9.1.2. Lightweight Torpedoes
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Launch Platform
- 9.2.1. Sea-launched
- 9.2.1.1. Surface-launched
- 9.2.1.2. Underwater-launched
- 9.2.2. Air-launched
- 9.2.1. Sea-launched
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Weight
- 10. North America Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 10.1.1.
- 11. Europe Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 11.1.1.
- 12. Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 12.1.1.
- 13. Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 13.1.1.
- 14. Competitive Analysis
- 14.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2024
- 14.2. Company Profiles
- 14.2.1 Bharat Dynamics Limited
- 14.2.1.1. Overview
- 14.2.1.2. Products
- 14.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.2 Raytheon Technologies Corporation
- 14.2.2.1. Overview
- 14.2.2.2. Products
- 14.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.3 Leonardo SpA
- 14.2.3.1. Overview
- 14.2.3.2. Products
- 14.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.4 Lockheed Martin Corporation
- 14.2.4.1. Overview
- 14.2.4.2. Products
- 14.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.5 Naval Group
- 14.2.5.1. Overview
- 14.2.5.2. Products
- 14.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.6 ASELSAN AS
- 14.2.6.1. Overview
- 14.2.6.2. Products
- 14.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.7 JSC Tactical Missiles Corporation
- 14.2.7.1. Overview
- 14.2.7.2. Products
- 14.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.8 thyssenkrupp AG
- 14.2.8.1. Overview
- 14.2.8.2. Products
- 14.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.9 BAE Systems PLC
- 14.2.9.1. Overview
- 14.2.9.2. Products
- 14.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Lt
- 14.2.10.1. Overview
- 14.2.10.2. Products
- 14.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.11 Northrop Grumman Corporation
- 14.2.11.1. Overview
- 14.2.11.2. Products
- 14.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.12 Saab AB
- 14.2.12.1. Overview
- 14.2.12.2. Products
- 14.2.12.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.12.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.12.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.1 Bharat Dynamics Limited
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 3: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 4: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 5: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 6: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 7: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 8: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 9: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 10: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 11: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 12: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 13: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 14: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 15: North America Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 16: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 17: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 18: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 19: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 20: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 21: Europe Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 22: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 23: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 24: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 25: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 26: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 27: Asia Pacific Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 28: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 29: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Weight 2024 & 2032
- Figure 30: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 31: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Launch Platform 2024 & 2032
- Figure 32: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 33: Rest of the World Torpedo Industry Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Torpedo Industry Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Weight 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Launch Platform 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Global Torpedo Industry Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Torpedo Industry?
The projected CAGR is approximately > 4.00%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Torpedo Industry?
Key companies in the market include Bharat Dynamics Limited, Raytheon Technologies Corporation, Leonardo SpA, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Naval Group, ASELSAN AS, JSC Tactical Missiles Corporation, thyssenkrupp AG, BAE Systems PLC, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Lt, Northrop Grumman Corporation, Saab AB.
3. What are the main segments of the Torpedo Industry?
The market segments include Weight, Launch Platform.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
N/A
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
The Sea-launched Segment Accounted for the Largest Share in the Market in 2021.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
N/A
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
In October 2021, the Indian Defence Ministry signed a contract with the US government for the procurement of MK 54 torpedo as well as expendables such as chaff and flares for P-8I anti-submarine warfare aircraft of the Indian Navy. The contract was worth INR 423 crore (USD 56.38 million).
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Torpedo Industry," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Torpedo Industry report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Torpedo Industry?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Torpedo Industry, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence